Ryanair (FR)

Ryanair (FR/RYR) is an ultra-low-cost carrier based in Ireland, founded in 1984. It operates from its hub at DUB, where much of its connecting network is built.

It operates independently of the global airline alliances, so its flights are generally sold as standalone point-to-point tickets rather than as part of an alliance network — something to keep in mind if a journey needs connections on more than one airline.

As a low-cost carrier, its headline fares typically cover the seat itself, with extras such as checked baggage, seat selection and onboard food and drink commonly priced separately. Read exactly what your chosen fare includes, and add any bags online in advance, since paying at the airport is usually more expensive.

When flying Ryanair, book under the airline code FR, check the carrier's current baggage, check-in and travel-document rules on its own website, and allow enough time at DUB if you are connecting.